11 Robot Development Trends
The growth and development of robotics will largely be determined by related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer systems. Analysts have identified the principle trends in the market for one more 5 years.
People have a tendency to overestimate the impact with the latest technology soon and underestimate its impact in the long term.
But it doesn't negate the belief that the expert community, the state and business desire a roadmap for the development of innovative industries in the future.
The authors from the annual survey from the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the fundamental trends of this type and in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next 5 years could have the greatest effect on the continuing development of robotics on the planet.
1. New materials
Even if we take into account the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are approximately 3.5 thousand people per robot, which ratio is not likely to cultivate without radical alterations in the science of materials from which robotics is made, the authors with the review are sure. They pay special focus on two promising materials:
gallium nitride (GaN), that may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material from which it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and much more.
2. New reasons for energy, technologies for the collection and storage
Considering the quantity of heat generated through the combustion of gasoline and the human dependence on energy, you can easily calculate that when individuals were eating gasoline, they would merely have 150 g of fuel daily. In turn, electric motors are even less energy efficient than an enclosed combustion engine. In order for robots so that you can take on humans within their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected inside their energy supply.
For example, this can be a improvement of current lithium batteries, the roll-out of new batteries according to hydrogen, and the like. Also, we should remember about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology could be carried out recharge the robot remotely, by way of example, from energy sources included in the bottom or walls.
3. Interaction of sets of robots and people
These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans with the other person.
4. Navigation in extreme conditions
Robots must understand what they're doing and where they're moving not simply under normal human conditions, but additionally where people just cannot make it: for instance, in high altitude or around the seabed.
In addition, situations cannot be excluded once the robot will stay completely without communication (for instance, underground or in the wedding of the satellite breakdown). In this case, it is important to build a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad plus Russia.
5. Machine learning
The development of artificial intelligence is essential to produce truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the years to come, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this field:
increasing the efficiency utilizing neural networks start by making their architecture more advanced or reducing power consumption;
teaching algorithmic procedures instead of hard programming, that will simplify and, therefore, accelerate the operation of acquiring skills through the machine;
mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;
improvement of motional actions of robots because of artificial intelligence technologies.
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6. Human-machine interaction
The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is approximately increasing productivity. That is, automation is just not a finish in itself, but a power tool to increase economic efficiency. my response from the review are more likely to think that the most effective result will probably be shown not by replacing people who have robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will build up in four main areas:
a robot as a tool that repeats human capabilities (for example, exoskeletons and prostheses);
robot as something that expands human capabilities;
an avatar robot, that's, a piece of equipment remotely controlled by the part of hard-to-reach places;
social interaction having a person, including voice assistants and chat bots.
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7. Manipulation robotics
The authors from the Sberbank report think that in the next five years we're unlikely to determine a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), but the growth and development of software will heighten the capabilities minimizing the expense of manipulation technology.
First coming from all, were talking about helping the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an object, could have to inform the operator in greater detail about how heavy it is, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies will make it possible to program more advanced trajectories to move of manipulators.
8. Sensorics
One with the definitions from the concept of "robot", that this analysts of Sberbank stick to, says that it is a device that's capable of perceive the planet around it by making use of sensors, process the signals received in this manner and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and helping the capabilities of sensorics is one from the key trends in the progression of robotics inside future years.
9. Robosimulators
Large amounts of data are essential to coach robots. To receive them, it is not necessary to develop a model of a robot - it sometimes can be economically unprofitable, occasionally dangerous for someone. Therefore, the quantity of advance of computer simulators of your robot is only going to increase using the expansion of automation.
10. New drive
Fundamentally, the principles of developing drive mechanisms are unlikely to improve, but even here the authors from the review locate a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside first paragraph, these may be new motors and gearboxes.
11. Design and production
Again, that is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the merchandise design process.
At the fabrication stage, the progress of robotics is going to be stimulated by the emergence of recent materials, their decrease in price, and also the development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, which will make it easier and faster to produce new machines.